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Chapter One Java

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
 

 1. 
ENIAC contained hundreds of miles of wire and thousands of heat-producing vacuum tubes.
 

 2. 
The first computers could perform multiple tasks at a time.
 

 3. 
The common language of many of today’s computers is Java.
 

 4. 
A bit consists of eight adjacent bytes.
 

 5. 
The capacity of computer memory and storage devices is usually expressed in bits.
 

 6. 
In 2006, hard disks typically store tens of billions of bytes of information.
 

 7. 
The contents of RAM are not lost when the computer is turned off.
 

 8. 
Often the cheapest way to improve a computer’s performance is to install more RAM.
 

 9. 
Since 1955, when transistors were first used in computers, hardware engineers have been doubling the speed of computers about every 18 months.
 

 10. 
In memory, programs and data are both stored as sequences of 1s and 0s.
 

 11. 
In the ASCII character encoding scheme, each character is represented by two bytes.
 

 12. 
An input device for sound must translate continuous analog information into discrete, digital values.
 

 13. 
Addresses are numbered from 1 to the number of bytes of memory installed on the computer.
 

 14. 
For a programmer, machine-language coding is fast and efficient.
 

 15. 
Each instruction in a high-level language corresponds to one instruction in machine language.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 16. 
In the ____, PCs appeared in great numbers, and soon after, local area networks of interconnected PCs became popular.
a.
1950s
c.
1970s
b.
1960s
d.
1980s
 

 17. 
A ____ is the smallest unit of information processed by a computer.
a.
picobyte
c.
byte
b.
bit
d.
millibit
 

 18. 
A PC consists of ____ major subsystems.
a.
four
c.
six
b.
five
d.
seven
 

 19. 
Auxiliary ____ devices include printers, scanners, and digital cameras.
a.
I/O
c.
user interface
b.
storage
d.
network connection
 

 20. 
A byte of RAM costs about ____ times as much as a byte of hard disk storage.
a.
10
c.
500
b.
100
d.
1000
 

 21. 
____ is/are usually reserved for critical system programs that are used when the computer starts up and are retained when the computer is shut down.
a.
Hard disk drives
c.
ROM
b.
RAM
d.
CD-ROMs
 

 22. 
Which of the following is an example of system software?
a.
spreadsheets
c.
database systems
b.
word processors
d.
compilers
 

 23. 
Computers use base ____ notation to represent numbers.
a.
2
c.
10
b.
8
d.
16
 

 24. 
The decimal number 3 is represented in binary as ____.
a.
1
c.
01
b.
11
d.
10
 

 25. 
The ASCII character encoding scheme is able to encode ____ individual characters.
a.
128
c.
1024
b.
256
d.
65536
 

 26. 
The first group of eight bits in a program instruction in memory is known as a(n) ____.
a.
instruction frame
c.
opcode
b.
header
d.
preamble
 

 27. 
Java is an example of a(n) ____ language.
a.
machine
c.
high-level
b.
assembly
d.
natural
 

 28. 
Translation from and high-level language to machine language is done by a program called a(n) ____.
a.
assembler
c.
loader
b.
compiler
d.
translator
 

 29. 
Which of the following sequences correctly identifies the order of phases in the waterfall model?
a.
design, analysis, implementation, maintenance, integration
b.
design, implementation, analysis, maintenance, integration
c.
analysis, design, integration, implementation, maintenance
d.
analysis, design, implementation, integration, maintenance
 

 30. 
In object-oriented programming, a program is comprised of different types of software components called ____.
a.
classes
c.
packages
b.
files
d.
methods
 

Completion
Complete each statement.
 

 31. 
During the first decade of the 21st century, computing has become ____________________ (meaning anywhere and everywhere).
 

 

 32. 
____________________ consists of the physical devices that you see on your desktop.
 

 

 33. 
____________________ consists of the programs that give the hardware useful functionality.
 

 

 34. 
The ____________________ supports moment-to-moment communication between a user and the computer.
 

 

 35. 
The computer’s operating system, the applications we buy, and the documents we write are all stored on devices collectively referred to as ____________________.
 

 

 36. 
____________________ stands for modulator–demodulator and refers to the fact that the device converts the digital information (0s and 1s) of the computer to an analog form suitable for transmission on phone lines and vice versa.
 

 

 37. 
Computers include high-speed internal memory called ____________________.
 

 

 38. 
The ____________________ does the work of the computer.
 

 

 39. 
____________________ supports the basic operations of a computer and allows human users to transfer information to and from the computer.
 

 

 40. 
In base 16 (hexadecimal), the letter ____________________ is used to represent the number 12.
 

 

 41. 
Numbers with a fractional part, such as 354.98, are called ____________________ numbers.
 

 

 42. 
Java uses a character encoding scheme called ____________________.
 

 

 43. 
____________________ are sequences of characters.
 

 

 44. 
The information contained in sound is ____________________, which means that it has a continuous range of infinitely many values.
 

 

 45. 
Video consists of a soundtrack and a set of images called ____________________.
 

 

 46. 
A byte’s location in memory is called its ____________________.
 

 

 47. 
Every ____________________ language instruction corresponds exactly to one machine language instruction.
 

 

 48. 
In the ____________________ phase of the waterfall model, the separate parts of a software system are brought together into a smoothly functioning whole.
 

 

 49. 
Inadequacies in the procedural approach to programming led to the development of the ____________________ approach and to several newer languages, including Java.
 

 

 50. 
This principle of providing access to services but not to data resources is called ____________________.
 

 



 
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